Doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and Camellia sinensis cardioprotection determined by speckle-tracking echocardiography

Abstract Doxorubicin (Dox) is a medication used in the treatment of cancerous tumors and hematologic malignancies with potentially serious side effects, including the risk of cardiotoxicity. Flavonoids are plant metabolites with antioxidant properties and can be extracted from Camellia sinensis (CS). The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible cardioprotective effect of CS against injuries induced by Dox in rats. A total of 32 animals were distributed into four groups: (1) control - intraperitoneal injection (I.P.) of 0.5 mL saline weekly and 1.0 mL water by gavage daily; (2) CS - 0.5 mL saline I.P. weekly and 200 mg/kg CS by gavage daily; (3) Dox - 5.0 mg/kg Dox I.P. weekly and 1.0 mL water by gavage daily; and (4) Dox+CS -5.0 mg/kg Dox I.P. weekly and 200 mg/kg CS by gavage daily. Clinical examinations, blood profiles, electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, and histological analyses of hearts were performed over 25 days. The animals in the Dox group showed changes in body weight and in erythrogram, leukogram, electrocardiography, and echocardiography readings. However, animals from the dox+CS group had significantly less change in body weight, improved cardiac function, and showed more preserved cardiac tissue. This study demonstrated that CS prevents dox-induced cardiotoxicity, despite enhancing the cytotoxic effect on blood cells

Comportamento clínico e perfil hematológico de cães intoxicadosexperimentalmente com carbamato (Aldicarb) e submetidosà hemodiálise e hemoperfusão / Clinical evaluation and blood profile of dogs experimentally intoxicated by carbamate (Aldicarb) and submitted to hemodialysis and hemoperfusion

Técnicas dialíticas são estudadas a fim de se verificar suas reais contribuições no tratamento das mais diversas formas deintoxicações. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento clínico e o perfil hematológico de cãesintoxicados com cabamato (Aldicarb) e submetidos a duas diferentes técnicas dialíticas: hemodiálise e hemoperfusão. Quinzecães adultos, sem raça definida foram intoxicados experimentalmente com 4,97mg/kg de peso vivo de Aldicarb, por via oral.Todos os animais, para controle dos efeitos clínicos provocados pela droga, foram medicados 30 minutos e uma hora após aingestão, com sulfato de atropina e benzodiazepínico (Diazepam), ambos na dose de 1mg/kg. Esses cães foram divididos emtrês grupos experimentais, compostos de cinco animais cada, denominados grupos I, II e III. Os animais do grupo II e do grupoIII, três horas após administração do Aldicarb foram submetidos a sessões de duas horas de hemodiálise e de hemoperfusão,respectivamente. Os animais do grupo I serviram de controle, não tendo sido submetidos a nenhum tratamento dialítico. Aintoxicação provocada pelo aldicarb foi capaz de causar alterações clínicas manifestadas por vômito, sialorréia, diarréia,incontinência urinária, fasciculações e alterações no perfil hematológico relacionadas principalmente a hemoconcentração.Houve leucocitose e aumento no número absoluto de neutrófilos em todos os animais 30 minutos após administração docarbamato. Não foram observadas diferenças clínicas entre os animais do grupo controle e os animais tratados por hemodiáliseou hemoperfusão. Após a sessão de hemoperfusão ocorreu discreta redução no número dos leucócitos, com diminuição dosvalores absolutos de eosinófilos, basófilos, monócitos e linfócitos. Nenhuma das técnicas foi efetiva em retirar o Aldicab doorganismo.

The aim of this work was to study the contribution of dialysis techniques, hemodialysis and hemoperfusion, after poisoning byAldicarb (carbamate), an anticholinesterasic compound, in dogs. Fifteen adult mongrel dogs were experimentally intoxicated by4.97mg/kg of Aldicarb orally. All animals, to prevent and treatment of clinical signs received a standard treatment with atropinesulfate (1mg/kg) and benzodiazepine (1mg/kg), administered endovenously 30 minutes and one hour after poisoning. Thedogs were separated in three groups: group I (control), group II (hemodialysis) and group III (hemoperfusion) with five animalsin each. Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion were performed three hours after poisoning, through a double lumen catheterimplanted in the jugular vein. Symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, urinary incontinence and muscle fasciculation were observedafter poisoning in all groups. It was observed increase of leucocytes and neutrophils, 30 minutes after carbamate administration.Any clinical difference was observed after therapy with hemodialysis and hemoperfusion. After hemoperfusion occurred decreaseof total leukocyte, eosinophil, basophile, monocyte and lymphocyte. None of the techniques were effective to withdraw theAldicarb compound from the organism.